Appendix A. Tables

Table 1. Metric Conversion Coofficients and Factors


When you kow	Multiply by	To find
Millimeters	0.04	inches
Centimeters	0.39	inches
Meters	3.3	feet
Kilometers	0.62	miles
Hectares	2.47	acres
Square kilometers	0.39	square miles
Cubic meters	35.3	cubic feet
Liters	0.26	gallons
Kilograms	2.2	pounds
Metric tons	0.98	long tons
	1.1	short tons
	2,204	pounds
Degrees Celsius (Centigrade)	1.8 and add 32	degrees Fahrenheit

Table 2. Area and Estimated Population of Provinces, 1987

Province	Area*	Population
Burgas	14,657	872,700
Khaskovo	13,892	1,044,400
Lovech	15,150	1,072,100
Mikhaylovgrad	10,607	668,200
Plovdiv	13,628	1,258,000
Razgrad	10,842	850,000
Sofia (city)	1,331	1,208,200
Sofiya	18,979	1,017,000
Varna	11,929	980,100
TOTAL	111,015	8,970,700

*In square kilometers.

Source: Based on information from The Statesman's Year-Book, 1990-1991, Ed., John Paxton, New York, 1990, 243.

Table 3. Population of the Largest Cities, 1987

City	Population	City	Population
Sofia	1,128,859	Sliven	106,610
Plovdiv	356,596	Shumen	106,496
Varna	305,891	Pernik	97,225
Burgas	197,555	Yambol	94,951
Ruse	190,450	Khaskovo	91,409
Stara Zagora	156,441	Gabrovo	81,554
Pleven	133,747	Pazardzhik	81,513
Dobrich (Tolbukhin)	111,037

Source: Based on information from The Stateman's Year-Book, 1990-1991, Ed., John Paxton, New York, 1990, 243.

Table 4. Urban Growth, Selected Years, 1946- 87

Year	Urban Population	Percentage of Total Population	Natural Urban Population Increase
1946	1,735,200	24.7	19,800
1956	2,556,100	33.6	25,500
1965	3,828,400	46.5	31,800
1975	5,067,000	58.0	58,100
1985	5,807,500	64.9	30,200
1987	5,959,400	66.4	29,000

Source: Based on information from Klaus-Detlev Grothusen, (ed.), Bulgarien, Göttingen, Germany, 1990, 445, 447.

Table 5. Birth Rates and Death Rates, Selected Years, 1946-87

Year	Births		Deaths
	Number	Birth Rate*	Number	Deaths	Death Rate*
1946	179,200	26.5	95,800	13.7
1956	147,900	19.5	71,200	9.4
1965	125,800	15.3	67,000	8.1
1975	144,700	16.6	90,000	10.3
1985	119,000	13.3	107,500	12.0
1987	116,700	13.0	107,200	12.09

*Per 1,000 population.

Source: Based on information from Klaus-Detlev Grothusen, (ed.), Bulgarien, Göttingen, Germany, 1990, 437, 440.

Table 6. Major Ethnic Groups, 1956 and 1965

Ethnic Group	1956		1965
	Population	Percentage	Population	Percentage
Bulgarian	6,506,541	85.5	7,231,243	87.9
Turkish	656,025	8.6	780,928	9.5
Gypsy	197,865	2.6	148,874	1.8
Macedonian*	187,789	2.5	9,632	0.1
Armenian	21,954	0.3	20,282	0.3
Greek	7,437	0.1	8,241	0.1
Tatar	5,993	0.1	6,430	0.1

*Official census category. Figures do not represent actual size of this group.

Source: Based on information from Klaus-Detlev Grothusen, (ed.), Bulgarien, Göttingen, Germany, 1990, 475.

Table 7. Protestant Denominations, 1975

Denominations	Membership	Clergy	P arishes
Pentecostal	5,000-6,000	36	43
Adventist	3,500	40	20
Congregationalist	2,600	24	26
Methodist	1,000	15	13
Baptist	700	7	10

Source: Based on information from Klaus-Detlev Grothusen, (ed.), Bulgarien, Göttingen, Germany, 1990, 564.

Table 8. Employees in the State Economy by Sector, 1985, 1986, and 1987

**(in thousands)**
Sector	1985	1986	1987
Agriculture	878.8	848.1	821.5
Industry	1,411.1	1,403.0	1,422.3
Construction	360.6	359.2	359.1
Commerce	355.2	360.7	361.4
Transportation and communications	299.5	306.3	303.3
Education and culture	311.7	317.2	317.6
Health, welfare, and recreation	201.1	201.8	207.7
Administration	54.1	54.3	57.2
Science and research	82.1	83.0	85.8
Housing and community services	54.4	56.7	58.7
Other	86.2	86.2	89.0
TOTAL	4,094.8	4,076.5	4,083.6

Source: Based on information from The Europa World Year Book, 1989, 1, London, 1989, 567.

Table 9. Population Distribution as Related to Working Age, Selected Years, 1956-87

Year	Under Working Age		Working Age*		Over Working Age
	Number	Percentage		Number	Percentage	Number	Percentage
1956	2,136,700	28.1	4,486,800	58.9	980,200	13.0
1965	2,112,400	25.7	4,789,000	58.2	1,326,500	16.1
1975	2,061,400	23.6	5,058,100	58.0	1,608,100	18.4
1985	2,046,700	22.9	5,013,200	56.0	1,888,800	21.1
1987	2,029,300	22.6	5,004,500	55.8	1,942,400	21.6

*16 to 54 for women; 16 to 59 for men.

Source: Based on information from Klaus-Detlev Grothusen, (ed.), Bulgarien, Göttingen, Germany, 1990, 456.

Table 10. Number of Schools, Teachers, and Students by Kind of School, Selected Years, 1951-88

School	1951	1961	1971	198 1	1988
Trade schools
Number	187	236	328	300	264
Teachers	1,564	2,835	8,454	9,435	7,457
Students	35,724	42,123	130,292	151,200	107,967
Schools for the handicapped*
Number	11	20	116	129	128
Teachers	115	987	2,155	2,373	2,364
Students	976	8,090	16,870	17,420	16,764
Professional schools
Number	175	231	246	234	248
Teachers	2,690	5,307	9,045	9,415	10,619
Students	61,591	93,944	152,919	97,575	115,036
General middle schools
Number	129	144	134	112	74
Teachers	4,627	8,021	6,270	7,419	9,637
Students	113,259	158,004	100,949	97,089	167,845

*Includes schools for mentally handicapped, maladjusted, deaf-mute, blind, and speech-impaired individuals.

Source: Based on information from Klaus-Detlev Grothusen, (ed.), Bulgarien, Göttingen, Germany, 1990, 502, 506, 508, 510.

Table 11. Investment Apportionment in the State Economy, Selected Years, 1949-88

**(in percentages)**
Category	1949	1960	1965	1 970	1980	1985	1988
Industry	31.4	34.2	44.8	45.2	41.9	46.8	51.0
Agriculture	12.4	29.7	19.7	15.8	12.4	8.2	7.0
Construction	2.2	1.6	2.7	2.9	2.5	3.8	3.4
Transportation	16.5	5.4	6.1	7.8	9.7	8.5	9.7
Housing	22.9	19.2	16.9	15.8	20.2	19.5	17.3
Other	14.6	9.9	9.8	12.5	13.3	13.2	11.6

Source: Based on information from Bulgaria, Tsentralno statistichesko upravlenie. Statisticheski godishnik na Narodna Republika Bulgariia, 1989, Sofia, 1989, 38; and John R. Lampe, The Bulgarian Economy in the Twentieth Century, New York, 1986, 165.

Table 12. Average Annual Growth Rate of Net Material Product by Five-Year Plan, 1949-88*

Five-Year Plan	Total Economy	Industry	Agriculture
First (1949-52)	8.4	20.7	-0.9
Second (1953-57)	7.8	12.7	4.9
Third (1958-60)	11.6	16.2	6.6
Fourth (1961-65)	6.7	11.7	3.2
Fifth (1966-70)	8.7	10.9	3.5
Sixth (1971-75)	7.8	9.1	2.9
Seventh (1976-80)	6.1	6.0	0.9
Eighth (1981-85)	3.7	7.0	-3.9
Ninth (1986-88)	5.5	5.6	1.2

*Official government figures. First, third, and ninth plans were abandoned or declared fulfilled before the full five years had elapsed. For definition of net material product--see Glossary.

Source: Based on information from Bulgaria, Tsentralno statistichesko upravlenie. Statisticheski godishnik na Narodna Republika Bulgariia, 1989, Sofia, 1989, 42, 43, 46; and John R. Lampe, The Bulgarian Economy in the Twentieth Century, New York, 1986, 144, 162.

Table 13. Government Budget, Selected Years, 1980-90¹

**(in millions of leva)²**
	1980	1986	1988	1990
Expenditures
Current expenditures
Wages and salaries	1,162	1,729	1,778	2,316
Maintenance and operation	3,403	4,756	5,167	5,904
Defense and security	1,139	1,914	1,929	2,114
State subsidies	3,128	5,301	6,767	6,050
Interest	422	369	795	2,125
Social security	2,392	3,627	3,895	4,446
Total current expenditures	11,646	17,696	20,331	22,955
Capital investments	1,237	3,447	2,062	1,488
Total expenditures	12,883	21,143	22,393	24,443
Revenues
Tax revenues
Taxes on profits	2,302	6,440	8,110	9,734
Income taxes	945	1,372	1,538	1,721
Turnover and excise taxes	3,431	5,672	4,442	4,565
Customs duties	0	159	310	355
Social security contributions	2,753	3,325	3,628	4,027
Other	36	56	133	126
Total tax revenues	9,467	17,024	18,161	20,528
Nontax revenues
Trade-related revenues	1,975	920	1,551	1,510
Other	1,574	2,197	2,092	2,010
Total nontax revenues	3,549	3,117	3,643	3,520
Total revenues	13,016	20,141	21,804	24,048

¹ Figures may not add to total because of rounding.
² For value of the lev--see Glossary.

Source: Based on information from World Bank, Bulgaria: Crisis and Transition to a Market Economy, 1, Washington: 1991, 28.

Table 14. Ownership of Selected Consumer Products, 1980, 1983, and 1987

**(in percentages of households)**
Item	1980	1983	1987
Radio	88	92	94
Refrigerator	76	88	94
Television	75	87	97
Washing machine	71	81	91
Automobile	29	34	39
Telephone	24	34	47

Source: Based on information from Klaus-Detlev Grothusen, (ed.), Bulgarien, Göttingen, Germany, 1990, 470.

Table 15. Conversion Values of the Lev to Major World Currencies, 1991

Currency	Symbol	Per	Lev Value
Austrian schilling	ATS	1	1.5146
Belgian franc	BEF	100	51.719
British pound	GBP	1	31.417
Dutch gulden	NLG	1	9.4505
French franc	FRF	100	313.86
German mark	DEM	1	10.642
Greek drachma	GRD	100	9.718
Japanese yen	JPY	100	13.307
Swiss franc	CHF	1	12.489
United States dollar	USD	1	18.367

Source: Based on information from Bulgarian National Bank notification to domestic foreign-exchange bankers, June 3, 1991.

Table 16. Distribution of Imports by Country, Selected Years, 1950-88

**(in percentages)**
Country	1950	1960	1970	19 80	1990
Comecon countries*
Soviet Union	50.2	52.6	52.2	57.3	53.5
East Germany	3.8	11.1	8.6	6.6	5.9
Other	31.6	20.3	15.3	18.8	17.3
Western countries
West Germany	3.4	5.9	2.7	4.8	4.9
Other	1.3	7.7	16.5	8.6	10.6
Third World countries	n.a.	2.4	4.7	3.9	7.8

n.a.--not available.
*Comecon--Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (see Glossary).

Source: Based on information from Bulgaria, Tsentralno statistichesko upravlenie. Statisticheski godishnik na Narodna Republika Bulgariia, 1989, Sofia, 1989, 84-85; and John R. Lampe, The Bulgarian Economy in the Twentieth Century, New York, 1986, 152, 188.

Table 17. Distribution of Exports by Country, Selected Years, 1950-88

**(in percentages)**
Country	1950	1960	1970	19 80	1988
Comecon Countries*
Soviet Union	54.4	53.8	53.8	49.9	62.5
East Germany	5.5	10.2	8.7	5.5	5.2
Other	32.0	20.2	17.2	15.4	16.9
Western countries
West Germany	0.7	3.3	2.6	2.5	1.0
Other	7.2	9.1	11.6	13.3	5.3
Third World countries	0.2	3.4	6.1	13.4	9.1

*Comecon--Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (see Glossary).

Source: Based on information from Bulgaria, Tsentralno statistichkso upravlenie. Statisticheski godishnik na Narodna Republika Bulgariia, 1989, Sofia, 1989, 84-85; and John R. Lampe, The Bulgarian Economy in the Twentieth Century, New York, 1986, 152, 188.

Table 18. Distribution of Major Imports by Commodity, Selected Years, 1980-88

**(in percentages at constant prices)**
Commodity	1980	1985	1987	1988
Machinery and equipment	45.4	47.2	43.5	43.5
Fuels, metals, and minerals	28.3	24.0	32.4	32.2
Consumer goods	7.2	6.8	5.4	5.7
Chemicals	6.7	6.6	6.4	5.6
Raw materials	5.9	6.2	5.4	5.6
Foodstuffs	2.9	5.0	4.1	4.3
Other	3.6	4.2	2.8	3.1

Source: Based on information from Bulgaria, Tsentralno statistichesko upravlenie. Statisticheski godishnik na Narodna Republika Bulgariia, 1989, Sofia, 1989, 83.

Table 19. Distribution of Major Exports by Commodity, Selected Years, 1980-88

**(in percentages at constant prices)**
Commodity	1980	1985	1987	1988
Machinery and equipment	50.7	54.1	58.8	58.7
Processed foods	15.6	12.7	11.4	11.2
Fuels, metals, and minerals	12.7	10.4	8.8	8.2
Consumer goods	9.4	9.4	10.2	11.0
Foodstuffs	3.6	3.2	2.8	2.8
Chemicals	2.8	3.9	3.7	4.0
Construction materials	2.2	1.9	1.9	1.7
Other	3.0	4.4	2.4	2.4

Source: Based on information from Bulgaria, Tsentralno statistichesko upravlenie. Statisticheski godishnik na Narodna Republika Bulgariia, 1989, Sofia, 1989, 82.

Table 20. Social Categories in Bulgarian Communist Party Membership, Selected Years, 1944-86

**(in percentages)**
Year	Workers	Farmers	Professionals and Intelligentsia	Women	Under 30
1944	26.5	51.9	8.0	n.a.	n.a.
1948	26.5	44.7	16.3	13.0	26.0
1954	34.1	39.8	17.9	1.3	n.a.
1962	37.2	32.1	23.6	21.3	15.6
1971	40.1	26.1	28.2	25.2	16.1
1976	41.4	23.0	30.2	27.5	15.0
1986	44.4	16.3	n.a.	32.7	11.9

n.a.--not available.

Source: Based on information from Klaus-Detlev Grothusen, (ed.), Bulgarien, Göttingen, Germany, 1990, 183, 185.

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Comments: lcweb@loc.gov(02/06/97)