Appendix A. Tables

Table 1. Metric Conversion Coofficients and Factors


When you kow	Multiply by	To find
Millimeters	0.04	inches
Centimeters	0.39	inches
Meters	3.3	feet
Kilometers	0.62	miles
Hectares	2.47	acres
Square kilometers	0.39	square miles
Cubic meters	35.3	cubic feet
Liters	0.26	gallons
Kilograms	2.2	pounds
Metric tons	0.98	long tons
	1.1	short tons
	2,204	pounds
Degrees Celsius (Centigrade)	1.8 and add 32	degrees Fahrenheit

Table 2. Population Growth, Selected Years, 1886-1982

Census Year	Total Population	Annual Intercensal Growth Rate (in percentage)
1886-87	329,645
1914	650,451	2.5
1924	828,968	2.5
1936	992,420	1.5
1950	1,343,100	2.2
1962	1,854,400	2.7
1972	2,357,955	2.7
1982	3,026,165	2.5

Source: Based on information from Paraguay, Dirección General de Estadística y Censos, Censo nacional de población y viviendas, 1982: Cifras provisionales, Asunción, December 1982, 30.

Table 3. Population and Intercensal Growth Rates, 1950-82

	Total Population				Annual Growth Rate (in percentage)
Area	1950	1962	1972	1982	1950-62	1962-72	1972-82
Asunción Metropolitan Area	271,901	409,273	579,014	794,166	3.5	3.6	3.2
Central Asunción	206,634	288,822	388,958	455,517	2.8	3.1	1.6
Paraguay Total	1,328,452	1,819,103	2,357,955	3,026,165	2.7	2.7	2.5

Source: Based on information from Paraguay, Dirección General de Estadística y Censos, Censo nacional de población y viviendas, 1982: Cifras provisionales, Asunción, December 1982, 21 2.

Table 4. Educational Enrollment by Age-group, 1965 and 1985

**(in percentage)**
Level	Sex	1965	1985
Primary	Male	109*	104*
	Female	96	98
	Total	102*	101*
Secondary	Male	13	31
	Female	13	30
	Total	13	31
Tertiary	Total	4	10

*Gross enrollment sometimes exceeded 100 percent, because some pupils might by younger or older than the standard primary-school age.

Source: Based on information from World Bank, World Development Report: 1988, New York, 1988.

Table 5. Innoculation of Children Under One Year of Age, 1981-84

**(in percentage)**
Vaccine	1981	1982	1983	19 84
Tuberculosis	42	47	55	80
DPT*	28	34	45	67
Poliomyelitis	26	39	47	68
Measles	16	27	37	62

*Diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus.

Source: Based on information from Pan American Health Organization, Health Conditions in the Americas, 1981-1984, II, Washington, 1986, 188.

Table 6. Deaths by Age-group, 1981-84

Age-Group Percentage of all Deaths Rate per 1,000 Inhabitants	1981	1982	1983	1984	1981	1982	1983	1984
Less than 1	21	21	20	20	59.0	51.2	51.0	49.8
1-4	7	7	7	8	4.2	3.8	4.1	4.1
5-14	3	3	3	3	0.6	0.7	0.7	0.7
15 and over	69	69	70	69	7.5	7.7	8.1	8.0
TOTAL	100	100	100	100	6.9	6.4	6.7	6.6

Source: Based on information from Pan American Health Organization, Health Conditions in the Americas, 1981-1984, II, Washington, 1986, 185.

Table 7. Balance of Payments, Selected Years, 1980-86

**(in millions of United States dollars)**
	1980	1982	1984	1986
Merchandise
Exports (f.o.b.)*
Registered exports	311.0	329.9	334.5	232.5
Unregistered exports	271.9	162.1	143.4	138.4
Total exports	582.9	492.0	477.9	370.9
Imports (f.o.b.)*
Registered imports	675.3	723.4	661.0	518.1
Unregistered imports	379.0	124.5	99.5	379.7
Total imports	1054.3	847.9	760.5	897.8
Trade Balance	-471.4	-355.9	-282.6	- 526.9
Services
Credits	118.1	177.5	103.6	174.4
Debits	260.0	360.9	194.9	264.9
Net services	-141.9	-183.4	-91.3	- 90.5
Income
Receipts	80.2	122.9	70.7	62.0
Payments	84.5	91.3	91.6	106.0
Net income	-4.3	31.6	-20.9	- 44.0
Transfers
Official	4.8	3.5	6.8	12.5
Private	-0.3	1.5	2.5	0.6
Net transfers	4.5	5.0	9.3	13.1
Current account balance	-613.1	-502.7	-385.5	- 648.3
Net Direct foreign investments	29.8	33.7	0.5	31.0
Long-term loans
Official sources	36.4	106.1	136.5	96.5
Private sources	89.1	137.7	25.7	1.0
Net long-term loans	125.5	243.8	162.2	97.5
Other capital
Net short-term loans	0.0	-82.0	-35.0	- 44.7
Errors and omissions	203.6	-168.7	-51.7	375.1
Net other capital	203.6	-250.7	-86.7	330.4
Overall balance excluding Itaipú hydroelectric plant	-254.2	-475.9	-309.5	- 189.4
Net inflows related to Itaipú hydroelectric plant.	405.1	345.7	213.2	110.0
Overall balance	150.9	-130.2	-96.3	- 79.4
Changes in reserves ( - means increase)	-150.9	130.2	96.3	79.4

*Free on board.

Table 8. Presidential Election Results, 1954- 88

**(as reported by the government)**
Year	Total Votes	Colorado Party	Radical Liberal Party	Liberal Party	Febrerista Revolutionary Party	Blank/Annulled Votes
1954	239,978	236,191	--	--	--	3,787
		(98.4%)				(1.6%)
1958	303,478	295,414	--	--	--	8,064
		(97.3%)				(2.7%)
1963	628,615	569,551	--	47,7501	--	11,314
		(90.6%)		(7.6%)		(1.8%)
1968	656,414	465,535	139,622	27,965	16,871	6,421
		(70.9%)2	(21.3%)	(4.3%)	(2.6%)	(1.0%)
1973	814,610	681,306	98,096	24,611	--	10,597
		(83.6%)	(12%)	(3%)		(1.3%)
1978	1,091,994	990,774	54,984	37,059	--	9,177
		(90.7%)	(5%)	(3.4%)		(.8%)
1983	1,048,886	944,637	59,094	34,010	--	11,145
	(90.1%)	(5.6%)	(3.2%)			(1.1%)
1988	1,339,003	1,187,738	95,500	42,442	--	13,323
		(88.7%)	(7.1%)	(3.2%)		(1%)

--Means did not participate.
1 Participated as the Renovation Movement.
2 Percentages for some elections do not add to 100 because of rounding.

Source: Based on information from El Diario de noticias [Asunción], February 14, 1988; and Foreign Broadcast Information Service, Daily Report: Latin America. (FBIS-LAT-88-033A.) Washington, February 19, 1988, 38.

Table 9. Composition of the Paraguayan Army, 1988

Type of Unit	Number
Presidential Escort Regiment	1*
Corps headquarters	3
Infantry divisions	8
Cavalry division	1
Artillery battalions	3
Engineer battalions	6
Signals and transport battalion	1
TOTAL STRENGTH	12,500

*Administered independently.

Table 10. Major Equipment of the Paraguayan Army, 1988

Equipment	Number	Source
M-4A3 Sherman and Sherman Firefly medium tanks	12	Argentina (United States- made)
M-3A1 light tanks	12	Brazil (United States-made)
M-8 and M-3 armored cars	12	Brazil (United States-made)
EE-9 Cascavel armored cars	20	Brazil
M-2 modified half-track armored personnel carriers	3	Brazil (United States- made)
EE-11 Urutu armored personnel carriers	10	Brazil
152mm Vickers Mk V coastal guns	6	Britain
75mm Bofors Model 1927/34 howitzers	25	Argentina (Swedish-made)
105mm M-101 howitzers	48	France
81mm mortars	n.a.	France
107 mortars	n.a.	United States
75mm antitank guns	n.a.	United States
20mm air defense guns	20	n.a.
40mm M-1A1 air defense guns	10	United States
Army Aviation
Fokker S-11 aircraft	8	Brazil (United States-made)
Bell 47G helicopters	3	Brazil (United States-made)

n.a.--not available.

Table 11. Major Equipment of the Paraguayan Navy, 1988

Type of Vessel	Number	Source	Size
Roraima-class gunboat with helicopter deck	1	1983/Brazil	220 tons
Bouchard ex-minesweepers	3	1937-38/Argentina	450 tons
Paraguay class	2	1931/Italy	636 tons
701-class small patrol craft	6	1940s/United States	15 tons
Large patrol craft	1	1907/Netherlands	180 tons
LSM 1-class with helicopter deck	1	1944/United States	n.a.
LCU 501-class	2	1945/United States	143 tons
Freighter	1	1968/Spain	1,150 tons
River transport	1	1901/Belgium	n.a.
Floating dock	1	1944/United States	n.a.
Floating workshop	1	1942/United States	n.a.
Floating crane	1	1907/Netherlands	n.a.
Tugs	2	1945/United States	84 tons
Marine battalion	1
Naval aviation
Douglas C-47 transport aircraft	1	United States	n.a.
Cessna 150M and 206 aircraft	9	United States	n.a.
T-6G Texan armed training aircraft	2	United States	n.a.
OH-13 Sioux helicopters	3	United States	n.a.
Hiller UH-12E helicopters	2	United States	n.a.
On Order
HB-35OB Esquilo helicopters	2	Brazil	n.a.
Total strength	3,150

n.a.--not available.

Table 12. Major Equipment of the Paraguayan Air Force, 1988

Type of Aircraft	Number
Composite Squadron
EMB-326 Xavante light counterinsurgency aircraft	8
Cessna aircraft (337, 402, 185 Skywagon)	7
Bell OH-13A helicopters	8
Hiller UH-12 helicopters	2
Transport Squadron
Douglas DC-6B	3
Douglas C-54 transport aircraft	2
Douglas C-47 transport aircraft	11
DeHavilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter	1
DeHavilland Canada DHC-3 Otter	1
CASA C-212 Aviocar	4
Convair PBY-5A Catalina amphibious aircraft	1
Training Squadron
Neiva T-25 Universal	10
Aerotec T-23 Uirupuru	8
North American T-6 Texan armed trainers	7