Appendix A. Tables

Table 1. Metric Conversion Coofficients and Factors


When you kow	Multiply by	To find
Millimeters	0.04	inches
Centimeters	0.39	inches
Meters	3.3	feet
Kilometers	0.62	miles
Hectares	2.47	acres
Square kilometers	0.39	square miles
Cubic meters	35.3	cubic feet
Liters	0.26	gallons
Kilograms	2.2	pounds
Metric tons	0.98	long tons
	1.1	short tons
	2,204	pounds
Degrees Celsius (Centigrade)	1.8 and add 32	degrees Fahrenheit

Table 2. Chakkri Dynasty, 1782-1987

Regal Title	Reign	Conventional Form Used in the West	Systematic Romanization1
Rama I2	1782-1809	Yot Fa	Phutthayotfa Chulalok
Rama II2	1809-1824	Loet La	Phutthaloetla Naphalai
Rama III	1824-1851	Nang Klao	Nangklao
Rama IV	1851-1868	Mongkut	Chomklao
Rama V	1868-1910	Chulalongkorn	Chunlachomklao
Rama VI	1910-1925	Vajiravudh	Mongkutklao
Rama VII	1925-19353	Prajadhipok	Pokklao
Rama VIII	1935-19464	Ananda Mahidol	Anantha Mahidon
Rama IX	19465-	Bhumibol Adulyadej	Phumiphon Adunlayadet

1As adopted by the Library of Congress, except for the omission of diacritical markings.
2Conferred posthumously.
3Abdicated; died 1941.
4Regency until 1945.
5Regency until 1951.

Table 3. Population Growth, 1911-85

Census Year	Total Population	Rate of Increase (in percentage)1
1911	8,266,408	1.4
1919	9,207,355	2.2
1929	11,506,207	3.0
1937	14,464,105	1.9
1947	17,442,689	3.2
1960	26,257,916	3.4
1970	34,397,374	2.6
1980	44,824,540	2.5
1985	51,571,000	2

1Average annual increase during the period between censuses.
2Estimated.

Table 4. School Enrollment, 1980- 84

Level of Education	1980	1981	1982	1983	1984
Preprimary	349,827	379,400	408,687	471,597	532,097
Primary	7,370,846	7,449,219	7,413,571	7,272,153	7,229,064
Secondary
Lower secondary	1,343,937	1,104,339	1,188,911	1,222,037	1,302,131
Upper secondary	266,349	468,248	516,199	532,888	557,095
Total secondary	1,610,286	1,572,587	1,705,110	1,754,925	1,859,226
Teacher training	70,837	71,978	85,016	76,957	70,877
Vocational	356,700	492,597	539,865	588,470	577,147
University*
Undergraduate	71,096	88,796	96,662	102,696	106,562
Graduate	11,092	11,305	12,178	13,418	14,257
Total university	82,188	100,101	108,840	116,114	120,819
TOTAL	9,840,684	10,065,882	10,261,089	10,280,216	10,389,230

*Excludes Ramkhamhaeng University and Sukhothai Thammathirat Open University, in 1980 excluded Srinakharinwirot University.

Source: Based on information from Thailand, Office of the Prime Minister, National Statistical Office, Statistical Handbook of Thailand, 1985, Bangkok, 40-41.

Table 5. Gross Domestic Product, by Sector, 1983-86

	1983		1984		1985		1986
	Value1	Percentage of GDP2	Value1	Percentage of GDP2	Value1	Percentage of GDP2	Value1	Percentageof GDP2
Agriculture
Crops	149,973	16.2	139,547	14.1	127,051	12.2	124,905	11.4
Livestock	28,840	3.1	26,328	2.7	24,371	2.3	26,669	2.4
Fisheries	14,466	1.6	13,129	1.3	14,807	1.4	17,564	1.6
Forestry	11,164	1.2	12,274	1.2	12,304	1.2	13,899	1.3
Total agriculture	204,443	22.1	191,278	19.3	178,533	17.1	183,037	16.7
Nonagriculture
Mining and quarrying	16,480	1.8	21,291	2.2	29,240	2.8	23,347	2.1
Manufacturing	176,200	19.0	196,257	19.8	209,014	20.1	226,571	20.6
Construction	47,129	5.1	52,772	5.3	54,373	5.2	55,682	5.1
Electricity and water supply	16,319	1.8	18,884	1.9	24,070	2.3	28,182	2.6
Transportation and communications	73,708	8.0	83,588	8.5	95,160	9.2	101,827	9.3
Wholesale and retail trade	165,812	17.9	181,993	18.4	189,736	18.2	204,095	18.6
Banking, insurance, and real estate	72,381	7.8	80,577	8.2	84,922	8.2	87,248	7.9
Ownership of dwellings	11,210	1.2	12,337	1.2	13,608	1.3	14,909	1.3
Public administration and defense	42,551	4.6	43,182	4.4	47,136	4.5	49,139	4.5
Services	98,680	10.7	106,704	10.8	115,562	11.1	124,325	11.3
Total nonagriculture	720,470	77.9	797,585	80.7	862,821	82.9	915,325	83.3
TOTAL	924,913	100.0	988,863	100.0	1,041,354	100.0	1,098,362	100.0

1In millions of baht (for value of the baht--see Glossary).
2Gross domestic product.

Source: Based on information from Bank of Thailand, Quarterly Bulletin, Bangkok, June 1987, 88.

Table 6. Government Expenditures, Selected Years, 1978-86

(in millions of baht)*
Economic classification	1978	1980	1982	198 4	1986
Current	58,518	94,370	125,904	154,481	173,557
Capital	18,991	26,603	31,113	27,747	30,722
Major functional classification
Economic services	17,012	22,804	27,902	28,573	29,928
Social services	23,831	35,474	47,940	55,419	60,156
Defense	15,310	24,398	31,350	36,034	41,125
General administration	9,526	17,705	18,134	24,304	25,761
Unallocable items	11,830	20,592	31,691	37,898	47,309
TOTAL	77,509	120,973	157,017	182,228	204,279

*For value of the baht--see Glossary.

Source: Based on information from Bank of Thailand, Quarterly Bulletin, Bangkok, June 1987, 36.

Table 9. Exports by Sector, Selected Years, 1981-86

(in millions of baht)*
Sector	1981	1983	1985	198 6
Agriculture	72,998	66,484	73,398	79,397
Fishing	6,632	8,225	10,590	14,853
Forestry	143	109	365	620
Mining	11,814	6,806	10,126	6,283
Manufacturing	54,743	61,358	95,615	129,170
Samples and other unclassified goods	2,632	1,340	1,518	1,772
Reexports	4,039	2,150	1,754	1,288
TOTAL	153,001	146,472	193,366	233,383

*For value of the baht--see Glossary.

Source: Based on information from Bank of Thailand, Quarterly Bulletin, Bangkok, June 1987, 52-53.

Table 8. Principal Exports, Selected Years, 1981-86

**(in millions of baht)1**
Item	1981	1983	1985	1986
Rice	26,366	20,157	22,524	20,315
Rubber products	10,841	11,787	13,567	15,116
Maize	8,349	8,486	7,700	9,261
Cassava products	16,446	15,387	14,969	19,086
Tin	9,091	5,265	5,647	3,096
Sugar	9,572	6,338	6,247	7,271
Integrated circuits	6,163	5,829	8,248	12,818
Textile products	12,570	14,351	23,578	31,268
Marine products2	7,859	10,682	15,934	23,013
Precious stones	4,486	6,214	6,350	8,150
Tobacco leaves	1,739	1,791	1,580	1,487
Mung beans	1,693	1,552	2,284	1,463
Frozen fowl	1,187	946	1,467	3,121
Sorghum	904	790	1,048	657
Fresh fruit	426	525	684	736
Orchids	402	354	490	387
Raw cotton	267	268	210	96
Kapok fiber	285	250	230	205
Tungsten	379	132	150	64
Coffee	231	452	883	1,722
Fluorite	332	289	363	230
Canned pineapple	2,039	1,871	3,292	3,183
Molasses	696	609	758	1,018
Iron or steel pipes	580	429	1,649	1,502
Leather gloves	242	223	347	420
Artificial flowers	383	481	913	1,146
Wall and floor tiles	227	302	315	519
Wood products	1,367	1,336	1,901	2,235
Jute products	1,245	1,100	1,561	1,265
Footwear	956	1,743	2,368	3,185
Furniture	707	981	1,317	1,866
Plastic products	689	938	1,262	1,414
Jewelry	526	1,028	2,168	5,014
Other	23,756	23,586	41,362	51,054
TOTAL	153,001	146,472	193,366	233,383

1For value of the baht--see Glossary.
2Includes fresh and canned fish, crustaceans, and mollusks.

Source: Based on information from Bank of Thailand, Quarterly Bulletin, Bangkok, June 1987, 54-57.

Table 11. Imports by Sector, 1981- 86

(in millions of baht)*
Category	1981	1982	1983	1 984	1985	1986
Consumer goods
Nondurable
Food and beverages
Dairy products	2,451	1,937	2,447	2,418	2,589	2,528
Cereals and derivatives	1,101	730	947	782	880	843
Fruits and vegetables	716	715	896	991	794	523
Coffee, tea, and spices	166	191	237	190	261	263
Other	1,532	1,417	1,530	1,670	1,840	1,946
Total food and beverages	5,966	4,990	6,057	6,051	6,364	6,103
Tobacco products	71	100	85	105	111	113
Toiletries and cleaning products	991	957	1,165	1,230	1,442	1,519
Clothing and footwear	1,054	1,756	2,158	2,065	1,816	2,111
Medicinal and pharmaceutical products	2,377	2,496	2,786	2,733	3,072	3,136
Total nondurable	10,459	10,299	12,251	12,184	12,805	12,982
Durable Household goods	2,573	2,471	2,885	3,044	3,524	3,646
Electrical appliances	3,519	3,625	5,263	5,549	5,682	5,777
Wood and cork products	126	122	121	103	115	98
Leather and leather products	38	30	47	75	269	402
Furniture	70	81	105	131	128	102
Bicycles, motorcycles, and parts	1,225	1,024	1,310	1,284	947	842
Small arms	253	253	326	322	496	617
Total durable	7,804	7,606	10,057	10,508	11,161	11,484
Total consumer goods	18,263	17,905	22,308	22,692	23,966	24,466
Intermediate products and raw materials
Chiefly for consumer goods
Fish and fish products	481	648	984	2,020	3,754	7,462
Animal and vegetable crude materials	3,149	2,782	2,987	4,010	2,494	3,129
Tobacco, unprocessed	865	1,639	603	974	1,409	1,252
Lumber and wood products	3,642	2,992	3,783	3,489	3,677	3,501
Textile fibers	3,915	3,247	4,516	5,388	5,673	5,638
Natural	3,443	2,451	3,882	4,507	4,919	4,825
Synthetic	472	796	634	881	754	813
Textile yarn and thread	1,278	1,094	1,399	1,514	1,445	2,359
Fabrics	2,676	2,044	2,810	3,459	3,397	4,225
Jewelry, including silver bars	1,352	1,772	3,141	2,591	2,541	4,149
Paper and paperboard	2,856	2,535	3,109	2,914	3,656	3,370
Chemicals	18,011	16,138	20,790	20,730	23,061	26,106
Total chiefly for consumergoods	38,225	34,891	44,122	47,089	51,107	61,191
Chiefly for capital goods Crude minerals	1,055	1,035	1,105	1,150	1,318	966
Base metals	18,804	17,134	21,247	21,374	23,347	22,176
Iron and steel	12,039	11,323	13,860	14,035	15,942	15,737
Other	6,765	5,811	7,387	7,339	7,405	6,439
Total chiefly for capital goods	19,859	18,169	22,352	22,524	24,665	23,142
Total intermediate products and raw materials	58,084	53,060	66,474	69,613	75,772	84,333
Capital goods
Fertilizers and pesticides	5,180	4,723	6,232	6,162	6,748	6,660
Cement	175	8	27	19	17	29
Construction materials	412	242	292	298	317	227
Tubes and pipes	650	458	824	834	1,066	619
Glass and other mineral manufactures	1,443	1,183	1,527	1,256	1,455	1,483
Rubber manufactures	504	511	620	630	697	675
Metal manufactures	5,147	2,986	4,046	3,952	4,977	4,221
Nonelectrical machinery and parts	25,842	21,172	33,061	34,992	34,720	32,299
Electrical machinery and parts	11,080	11,422	16,372	18,085	15,848	25,561
Scientific and optical instruments	2,991	3,256	4,598	4,088	4,356	4,779
Aircraft and ships	3,222	2,171	1,427	3,176	3,493	1,642
Locomotives and rolling stock	339	60	788	115	1,710	121
Total capital goods	56,985	48,192	69,814	73,607	75,404	78,316
Other imports
Vehicles and parts	9,568	7,687	11,416	11,834	9,292	8,939
Petroleum Products	65,100	60,765	57,065	57,353	56,719	32,354
Gold bullion	n.a.	20	35	32	41	160
Miscellaneous	8,746	8,987	9,497	10,024	9,975	12,790
Total other imports	83,414	77,459	78,013	79,243	76,027	54,243
TOTAL	216,746	196,616	236,609	245,155	251,169	241,358

n.a.--not available.
*For value of the baht--see Glossary.

Source: Based on information from Bank of Thailand, Quarterly Bulletin, Bangkok, June 1987, 44-47.

Table 10. Foreign Trade, 1981-86

(in millions of baht)*
Country	Trade	1981	1982	1 983	1984	1985	1986
Brunei	Exports	240	187	221	237	388	388
	Imports	3,338	2,278	2,760	5,165	8,971	4,716
China	Exports	4,064	7,053	2,468	4,295	7,367	7,252
	Imports	6,983	5,374	6,099	7,449	6,073	6,917
Hong Kong	Exports	7,350	7,934	7,281	6,646	7,807	9,306
	Imports	1,942	2,059	2,704	3,050	2,931	3,659
Indonesia	Exports	2,958	4,251	2,754	1,101	1,176	1,516
	Imports	524	532	777	1,868	1,657	1,641
Iran	Exports	4,602	2,287	2,373	2,937	1,769	1,061
	Imports	263	127	1	1	999	282
Japan	Exports	21,704	21,947	22,087	22,787	25,828	33,134
	Imports	52,521	46,086	64,757	66,059	66,587	63,656
South Korea	Exports	3,214	1,888	2,097	2,887	3,575	6,420
	Imports	3,017	3,589	5,602	6,822	5,069	5,731
Malaysia	Exports	6,968	8,342	6,561	8,278	9,646	10,025
	Imports	5,891	10,214	12,738	11,921	14,825	10,118
Philippines	Exports	445	806	1,554	542	1,451	760
	Imports	435	444	356	470	1,616	1,841
Qatar	Exports	32	45	52	82	109	187
	Imports	7,075	4,219	2,907	273	153	1,534
Saudi Arabia	Exports	3,118	4,261	4,245	4,599	4,382	5,398
	Imports	29,395	29,819	24,431	20,865	7,121	2,522
Singapore	Exports	11,991	11,654	11,913	14,722	15,350	20,689
	Imports	14,949	12,455	14,623	19,373	18,746	15,845
Taiwan	Exports	2,014	1,916	1,472	2,431	3,130	3,691
	Imports	4,589	5,501	6,762	6,797	7,793	8,730
Belgium	Exports	1,595	1,730	1,432	1,676	2,323	2,342
	Imports	1,944	1,449	2,759	2,238	2,043	2,791
Britain	Exports	2,464	3,042	2,990	3,918	4,703	7,443
	Imports	5,851	5,023	5,390	5,739	6,335	7,767
France	Exports	2,833	3,030	2,813	3,015	3,595	5,301
	Imports	3,918	2,917	3,593	4,116	6,783	3,947
West Germany	Exports	4,934	5,355	5,105	5,799	7,220	10,827
	Imports	9,336	7,624	11,065	10,304	13,586	13,924
Italy	Exports	2,147	2,577	2,072	3,082	3,248	3,847
	Imports	2,488	2,107	3,195	2,848	2,929	2,584
Netherlands	Exports	18,674	21,013	15,883	17,472	13,772	16,996
	Imports	2,786	2,275	2,672	2,721	2,482	2,429
Soviet Union	Exports	6,752	4,212	1,505	1,720	1,703	1,893
	Imports	328	300	388	380	480	560
Switzerland	Exports	2,044	1,745	1,662	1,923	1,941	2,526
	Imports	1,971	1,837	2,534	2,560	3,577	4,033
Canada	Exports	681	657	1,226	2,110	2,368	3,200
	Imports	2,903	2,769	3,403	2,965	3,102	2,984
United States	Exports	19,794	20,257	21,895	30,102	38,016	42,219
	Imports	28,087	26,220	29,708	32,679	28,434	34,518
Algeria	Exports	2,008	1,561	2,907	1,133	1,990	394
	Imports	---	---	3	1	---	---
Australia	Exports	1,749	1,715	2,148	2,866	3,370	4,180
	Imports	4,223	4,339	4,279	4,621	4,155	4,241
Other	Exports	18,626	20,263	19,756	28,877	27,139	32,388
	Imports	21,989	17,059	23,103	23,870	34,722	34,388
TOTAL	Exports	153,001	159,728	146,472	175,237	193,366	233,383
	Imports	216,746	196,616	236,609	245,155	251,169	241,358

---means negligible.
*For value of the Baht--see Glossary.

Source: Based on information from Bank of Thailand, Quarterly Bulletin, Bangkok, June 1987, 42-43.

Table 7. Balance of Payments, 1982- 86

(in millions of baht)*
	1982	1983	1984	1985	1986
Exports	157,203.4	145,076.1	173,520.0	191,703.0	231,481.4
Imports	-193,319.6	-234,278.5	-242,283.6	-253,333.7	-245,690.3
Nonmonetary gold	-20.5	-34.7	-32.2	- 40.8	-159.8
Balance of trade	-36,136.7	-89,237.1	-68,795.8	-61,671.5	-14,368.7
Net goods and services	- 27,341.7	-72,662.3	- 53,596.4	-46,418.9	584.1
Unrequited transfers	4,203.5	6,376.6	4,128.1	4,494.1	5,913.6
Balance on current account	- 23,138.2	-66,285.7	- 49,468.3	-41,924.8	6,497.7
Capital movements	15,207.0	-31,604.9	8,896.4	9,508.1	17,851.3
Net errors and omissions	- 11,892.7	13,526.9	1,691.5	2,955.8	15,726.8
Overall balance	3,314.3	-18,078.0	10,587.9	12,463.9	33,578.1

*For value of the baht--see Glossary.

Source: Based on information from Bank of Thailand, Quarterly Bulletin, Bangkok, June 1987, 68-69.

Table 12. Production of Major Crops, Selected Years, 1960-86

**(in thousands of tons)**
Crop	1960	1970	1975	1981< /th>	1985	1986
Rice	6,770.0	13,410.0	13,386.0	17,800.0	20,599.0	19,026.0
Rubber	171.8	287.2	348.7	502.0	722.0	790.0
Maize	543.9	1,938.2	2,863.2	4,000.0	5,030.0	4,092.0
Cassava	1,222.0	3,431.0	8,100.0	17,744.0	19,263.0	15,255.0
Sugarcane	5,382.0	6,585.9	19,910.0	30,260.0	24,000.0	24,410.0
Mung beans	60.3	150.5	120.6	283.7	323.4	325.0
Ground nuts	152.0	124.9	99.9	146.5	171.0	171.0
Soybeans	25.6	50.4	113.9	131.5	307.8	350.0
Sesame	18.6	20.2	17.4	28.5	25.4	32.6
Coconuts	1,040.0	714.0	677.0	709.6	980.8	890.0
Castor beans	43.0	42.7	38.5	36.0	32.9	28.5
Cotton	45.5	26.8	28.7	175.7	101.5	57.0
Jute and kenaf	187.5	384.9	307.6	208.0	266.0	240.0
Kapok and bambax fiber	n.a.	103.0	106.4	39.2	43.5	41.6
Tobacco leaves (Virginia)	n.a.	20.2	36.9	51.6	35.2	31.3

n.a.--not available.

Source: Based on information from Bank of Thailand, Quarterly Bulletin, Bangkok, June 1987, 75.

Table 13. Forest and Fisheries Production, 1979-85

Production	1979	1980	1981	1982	1983	1984	1985
Forest production (in thousands of cubic meters)
Teak	179.6	97.3	73.2	58.1	58.2	48.2	39.2
Yang wood*	627.4	551.1	289.4	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.
Other woods	2,293.7	1,895.8	1,435.9	1,646.9	1,761.5	1,983.6	1,786.1
Firewood	825.2	635.7	643.0	857.2	772.5	816.5	690.6
Charcoal	418.0	234.2	256.9	340.7	291.9	441.2	363.9
Commercial fish catch (in thousands of tons)
Marine fish	1,813.2	1,648.0	1,824.4	1,986.6	2,100.0	1,973.0	2,057.8
Freshwater fish	133.2	145.0	164.6	133.6	150.0	161.8	167.5

n.a.--not available.
*Yang wood recorded with other woods beginning in 1982.

Source: Based on information from Bank of Thailand, Quarterly Bulletin, Bangkok, June 1987, 75.

Table 14. Prime Ministers, 1932- 87

Prime Minister	Term of Office
Phraya Manopakonnitithada (Phraya Manopakorn; Kot Hutasing)	August 28, 1932-June 20, 1933
Phraya Phahonphonphayuhasena (Phot Phahonyothin)	June 21, 1933-December 16, 1938
Luang Phibunsongkhram (Plaek Phibunsongkhram; Phibun)	December 16, 1938-July 24, 1944
Khuang Aphaiwong	August 1, 1944- August 17, 1945
Thawi Bunyaket	August 31, 1945- September 17, 1945
M.R.W. Seni Pramoj	September 17, 1945-January 31, 1946
Khuang Aphaiwong	January 31, 1946- March 18, 1946
Pridi Phanomyong	March 24, 1946- August 21, 1946
Luang Thamrongnawasawat (Thawan Thamrongnawasawat)	August 23, 1946-November 8, 1947
Khuang Aphaiwong	November 10, 1947- April 8, 1948
Luang Phibunsongkhram	April 8, 1948- September 16, 1957
Pote Sarasin	September 21, 1957- December 26, 1957
Thanom Kittikachorn	January 1, 1958- October 20, 1958
Sarit Thanarat	February 9, 1959- December 8, 1963
Thanom Kittikachorn	December 9, 1963- October 14, 1973
Sanya Dharmasakti (Sanya Thammasak)	October 14, 1973-February 15, 1975
M.R.W. Seni Pramoj	February 15, 1975- March 6, 1975
M.R.W. Kukrit Pramoj	March 14, 1975- January 12, 1976
M.R.W. Seni Pramoj	April 20, 1976- October 6, 1976
Thanin Kraivichien	October 8, 1976- October 20, 1977
Kriangsak Chomanand	November 11, 1977-February 28, 1980
Prem Tinsulanonda	March 3, 1980-

Table 15. Parliamentary Elections, 1979- 86

Participants	1979	1983	1986
Political party
Democrat (Prachathipat)	32	56	100
Chart Thai (Thai Nation)1	38	731	63
Social Action (Kit Sangkhom)	83	92	51
United Democracy (Saha Prachathipatai)	---	---	38
Prachakorn Thai (Thai People)	32	36	24
Ruam Thai (Thai Unity)	---	---	19
Rassadorn (People)	---	---	18
Community Action (Kit Prachakhorn)	-- -	---	15
Progressive (Koa Nar)	---	3	9
Muan Chon (Mass)	---	---	3
National Democracy (Chart Prachathipatai)	---	15	3
Liberal (Seriniyom)	---	---	1
Democratic Labor (Raeng Ngam Prachathipatai)	---	0	1
New Force (Phalang Mai)	8	0	1
Puangchon Chao Thai (Thai Mass)	---	0	1
Rak Thai (Love Thai)	---	---	0
Freedom and Justice (Seritham)	21	---	---
Siam Democracy (Siam Prachathipatai)	---	18	---
Other parties	24	7	---
Independents2	63	24	---
Total	301	324	347
Number of participating political parties	38	14	16
Number of candidates	1,630	1,862	3,810
Voter turnout (in percentage)	44	51	61

---means did not participate.
1After the 1983 election, this party increased its strength to 108 by absorbing most independents and members of minor parties.
2Independents were required by a 1983 law to join existing parties.

Table 16. Defense Expenditures and Manpower Levels, Fiscal Years 1980-86

Fiscal Year1	Defense Expenditures2 (in billions of baht)3	Defense as Percentage of Total Expenditures	Defense as Percentage of GNP	Military Manpower4	Paramilitary Forces5
1980	22.4	20.1	4.0	230,000	67,000
1981	27.7	19.5	3.8	233,000	67,000
1982	33.1	30.4	4.2	235,000	71,000
1983	35.5	30.3	4.2	256,000	71,000
1984	39.4	30.6	4.2	256,000	73,000
1985	41.4	30.8	4.2	265,000	75,000
1986	41.2	30.8	4.3	273,000	80,000

1Fiscal year extends from October 1 through the following September 30, e.g., fiscal year 1980 began October 1, 1979.
2Accounts do not include expenditures for internal security or major military equipment purchases.
3For value of the baht--see Glossary.
4Gross national product.
4Includes Thahan Phran (Rangers), Village Defense Corps, Border Patrol Police, Marine Police, Police Aviation, and Special Action Forces.

Table 17. Major Army Equipment, 1987

Type and Description	Country of Origin	In Inventory
Tanks
M-48A5 Patton (medium with 90mm gun)	United States	65
M-41 Walker Bulldog (light) with 76mm gun	-do-	200
Scorpion (light) with 76mm gun	Britain	154
Type 59	China	n.a.
Armored personnel carriers M-113A1 (amphibious)	United States	300
LVTP-7 amphibious assault vehicle	-do-	40
V-150 Commando	-do-	114
Shortland Mk3 reconnaissance vehicle	Britain	32
Saracen	-do-	20
Howitzers and guns
M-101A1 105mm, towed	United States	300
M114 155mm, towed	-do-	56
M-198 155mm, towed	-do-	62
155mm, towed	Israel	24
85mm antitank gun	China	n.a.
105mm Kittikhachorn multiple rocket launcher	Thailand	n.a.
Mortars
81mm	United States	550
60mm	-do-	900
Recoilless rifles
57mm	-do-	360
75mm	-do-	200
106mm	-do-	150
Antiaircraft guns
40mm	-do-	40
20mm Vulcan	-do-	48
Missiles
BGM-71A TOW antitank missile	-do-	215
FGM-77A Dragon antitank missile	-do-	500
M-72 self-contained, disposable, antitank missile launcher	-do-	n.a.
Redeye	-do-	40
Blowpipe surface-to-air missile	Britain	n.a.
Aircraft
Cessna O-1 utility liaison	-do-	90
Bell UH-1B D helicopter	-do-	90
Boeing-Vertol CH-47 Chinook helicopter	United States	4
Bell OH-13 Sioux helicopter	-do-	24
Fairchild FH-1100 helicopter	-do-	16
Bell 206 helicopter	-do-	3
Bell 212 helicopter	-do-	2
Bell 214B helicopter	-do-	2
Fairchild OH-23F helicopter	-do-	6
Beech BE-99 light transport	-do-	1
Kawasaki KH-4 helicopter	-do-	28
Short 330-UTT transport	Britain	n.a.

n.a.-- not available.

Source: Based on information from International Institute for Strategic Studies, The Military Balance, 1986-1987, London, 1986; and Far Eastern Economic Review Asia Yearbook, Hong Kong, 1987.

Table 18. Major Navy Equipment, 1987

Type and Description	Country of Origin	In Inventory
Frigates
Yarrow class; 1,650 tons displacement; armed with two 4.5-inch deck guns, two 40mm Bofors antiaircraft guns, Sea Catsurface-to-surface missiles, one antisubmarine Lombo mortar, and two depth charge projectors; serves as flagship of Royal Fleet	Britain	1
PF-103 class, 900 tons displacement; armed with two 3- inch deck guns, two 40mm antiaircraft guns, Hedgehog antisubmarine launchers, and six torpedo tubes	United States	2
Cannon class; 1,240 tons displacement; armed with three 3-inch deck guns, six 40mm antiaircraft guns, six torpedo tubes, and eight depth-charge projectors; ex-USS Hemminger	-do-	1
Tacoma class; 1,430 tons displacement; armed with three 3-inch deck guns, two 40mm and nine 20mm antiaircraft guns, eight depth-charge projectors, and six torpedo tubes; ex-USS Glendale and ex-USS Gallup	-do-	2
Tacoma MK-16 class; 1,430 tons displacement; armed with 76mm main guns, 40mm antiaircraft gun, Stingray torpedoes, Harpoon and Albatross surface-to-air missiles	United States	1
Fast attack craft (missile)
Breda BMB 30 design; 235 tons displacement; armed with four Exocet surface-to-surface missiles, one 76mm deck gun, and one 40mm Bofors antiaircraft gun	Italy	3
Sea Hawk class; 224 tons displacement; armed with five Gabriel missile launchers, one 57mm Bofors and one 40mm Bofors antiaircraft guns	Singapore	3
Large patrol craft
Trad class; 318 tons displacement; armed with two 3-inch deck guns, one 40mm and two 20mm antiaircraft guns, and four torpedo tubes	Italy	4
Liulom class (former United States PC class); 280 tons displacement; armed with one 3-inch deck gun and two torpedo tubes	United States	7
Klongyai class; 110 tons displacement; armed with one 3-inch deck gun, one 20mm antiaircraft gun, and two torpedo tubes	Thailand	1
PGM 71 class; 130 tons displacement; armed with one 40mm and four 20mm antiaircraft guns and two .50 caliber machine guns; former United States vessels	United States	10
Cape class (former United States Coast Guard cutters); 95 tons displacement; armed with one 20mm antiaircraft gun, depth charges, and two Hedgehog antisubmarine launchers	-do-	4
Coastal patrol craft
Small craft; 87.5 tons displacement; armed with one 40mm and one 20mm antiaircraft guns	Thailand	6
Swift class; 20 tons displacement; armed with two 81mm mortars and two .50 calibre machine guns; transferred from United States Navy to Royal Thai Navy	United States	12
River patrol craft
PBR type; 10.4 tons displacement; armed with two .50 caliber and two .30 caliber machine guns; former United States vessels	-do-	6
Fiberglass trimaran	Thailand	1
Mine warfare vessels
Bangrachan-class coastal minelayer; 368 tons displacement; armed with two 3-inch deck guns, two 20mm antiair craft guns, and 142 mines	Italy	2
Bluebird-class coastal minesweeper; 330 tons displace- ment; armed with two 20mm anti aircraft guns	United States	4
Riverine minesweeper; armed with 20mm deck guns, one 12.7mm machine gun, and two 40mm grenade launchers	Thailand	10
Mine-warfare support ship	Japan	1
Amphibious vessels
Landing ship, tank (LST)	United States	5
Landing ship, medium (LSM)	-do-	3
Landing craft, medium mechanized (LCM)	-do-	26
Landing craft, utility (LCU)	-do-	6
Landing craft, vehicle and personnel	-do-	8
Landing craft, assault (LCA)	Thailand	n.a.
Aircraft
Grumman S-2F Tracker for antisubmarine search and attack	United States	10
Grumman HU-16B Albatross	-do-	2
Bell UH-N for antisubmarine search and attack	-do-	8
Canadair CK-215 multipurpose amphibian for search and rescue	Canada	2
F-27 Maritime	Netherlands	3
Nomad	Australia	3
Missiles
Short Seacat surface-to-air missile	Britain	12
IAI Gabriel-2 surface-to-surface missile	Israel	15
Aerospatiale MM-38 Exocet surface-to-surface missile	France	12

n.a.--not available.

Source: Based on information from International Institute for Strategic Studies, The Military Balance, 1986-1987, New York, 1986; and Far Eastern Economic Review, Asia Yearbook 1987, Hong Kong, 1987.

Table 19. Major Air Force Equipment, 1987

Type and Description	Country of Origin	In Inventory
Fighter-bombers
Northrop F-5A B Freedom Fighter	United States	13
Northrop F-5E Tiger II	-do-	34
Northrop F-5F Tiger II two-seat fighter-trainer	-do-	4
F-16A fighter	-do-	8
F-16B two-seat fighter-trainer	-do-	4
Counterinsurgency aircraft
North American-Rockwell T-28D	-do-	20
North American-Rockwell OV-10C Bronco	-do-	24
Cessna A-37B	-do-	14
Fairchild AU-23A Peacemaker	-do-	25
Armed reconnaissance aircraft
Northrop RF-5A Freedom Fighter	-do-	4
Lockheed T-33A	-do-	4
Lockheed RT-33A	-do-	3
Transports and utility aircraft
McDonnell Douglas C-47 Dakota	-do-	15
Fairchild C-123B K Provider	-do-	30
McDonnell Douglas AC-47 Dakota	-do-	10
Cessna O-1	-do-	35
Swearingen Merlin IVA turboprop	-do-	3
Lockheed C-130H Hercules	-do-	4
Hawker-Siddeley HS-748	Britain	2
Britten-Norman Islander	-do-	1
Fairchild Pilatus Turbo-Porter	Britain and Switzerland	10
Lipnur CASA C-212 Aviocar	Indonesia and Spain	4
McDonnell Douglas DC-8	United States	3
Boeing 737	-do-	1
Helicopters
Bell UH-1H Iroquois	-do-	30
CH-34	-do-	16
Trainers
de Havilland DHC-1 Chipmunk	Britain	4
Cessna T-37B primary jet trainer	Un- ited States	20
Cessna T-41D Mescalero light utility	-do-	11
SIAI-Marchetti SF-260MT single piston engine	Italy	15
AESL CT-4	New Zealand	15
Missiles
NWC AIM-9J Sidewinder air-to-air missile	United States	96

Source: Based on information from International Institute for Strategic Studies, The Military Balance 1986-1987, London, 1986; and Far Eastern Economic Review, Asia Yearbook, 1987, Hong Kong, 1987.